Chromosome Numbers (2n) of Different Fruit Plants

Chromosome Numbers (2n) of Different Fruit Plants

In this post, “Chromosome numbers (2n) of different fruit plants“, we will know about the chromosome numbers or 2n numbers of some important fruit plants of India.

Chromosome

Chromosome is a threaded (thread like) structure. These are present inside the nucleus of plant cells.

Chromosome Number

Chromosome number of a plant species is the number of chromosomes assigned to that particular species of plant. Haploid is x and diploid is 2x.

Also read: List of major and minor fruit-crops of India

(A). Different fruit-plants and their chromosome numbers: Table 01

S.N.Name of Fruit PlantsScientific NameFamily2nRemarks
1.AppleMalus domestica BorkhRosaceaeX = 17, 2n = 34Himachal Pradesh is known as the Apple Bowl of India.
2.AlmondPrunus amygdalusRosaceae16It is native to Iran.
3.ApricotPrunus armeniacaRosaceae16Prunus armeniaca is common apricot.
4.AvocadoPersea americanaLauraceae24The berry contains a single seed.
5.BananaMusa spp.MusaceaeEmusa: X = 11, 2n = 22.
Rhodochlamys: X = 11, 2n.
Callimusa: X = 10, 2n = 20.
Australimusa: X = 10, 2n = 20.
Incertae sedis: X = 7, 2n = 14.
Banana fruit is a berry.

(B). Table 02

S.N.Name of Fruit PlantsScientific NameFamily2nRemarks
1.BerZizyphus mauritiana Lamk.Rhamnaceae1. 2n = 48 (tetraploid)
2. 2n = 24
1. Indian junube
2. Chinese jujube
2.CashewnutAnacardium occidentale LinnAnacardiaceae24, 30, 40Anacardium excelsum is the wild cashew nut.
3.Custard ApplesAnnona spp.Annonaceae14
4.CherryPrunus avium L. (Sweet cherry)
Prunus cerasus L. (Sour cherry)
Rosaceae2n = 16Ramphal, Sitaphal, Hanuman phal are the different species.
5.CitrusCitrus spp.Rutaceae18It is a type of shrub.

(C). Table 03

S.N.Name of Fruit PlantsScientific NameFamily2nRemarks
1.Date-PalmPhoenix dactlifera L.Palmae36Date palm is a drought resistant fruit tree.
2.GrapesVitis vinifera L.Vitaceae38Soil and climate are the two major factors in grape cultivation.
3.GuavaPsidium guajava L.Myrtaceae331. Crop regulation is a very important step.
2. Ambe bahar, Mrig bahar, and Hasth bahar are the three types of bahar seasons in guava.
4.JamunSyzygium cuminii SkeelsMyrtaceae40
5.Japanese plumPrunus salicina L.Rosaceae16

(D). Table 04

S.N.Name of Fruit PlantsScientific NameFamily2nRemarks
1.KarondaCarissa carandasApocynaceae22
2.LitchiLitchi chinensisSapindaceae28, 30, 32
3.LoquatEriobotrya japonica Lindl.Rosaceae34
4.MangoMangifera indica L.Anacardiaceae2n = 40
5.PapayaCarica papaya L.Caricaceae2n = 18

(E). Table 05

S.N.Name of Fruit PlantsScientific NameFamily2nRemarks
1.PeachPrunus persica BatschRosaceae16
2.PearPyrus spp.Rosaceae34
3.PhalsaGrewia asiaticaMalvaceae36
4.PineappleAnanas comosus L. MerrBromliaceae2n = 50
5.PomegranatePunica granatumPunicaceae16, 18Cultivated spp.
26.SapotaManilkara achras Mill.Sopotaceae2n = 26

Also read: Pomology multiple choice questions

(F). Other fruit-crops

S.N.Name of Fruit PlantsScientific NameFamily2nRemarks
1.PersimmonDiospyros kakiEbenaceae901. It is hexaplpoid.
2.China is the major producer.
2.CoconutCocos nucifera L.Aracaceae32All parts are useful.
3.JackfruitArtocarpus heterophyllusMoraceae56It is tetraploid.
4.FigFicus caricaMoraceae26It is a multiple fruit.
5.KiwifruitActinidia deliciosaActinidiaceae58It is native to China.

Last updated: 20/12/2021

Read about diploidy.


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