Chromosome Numbers (2n) of Different Fruit Plants
In this post, “Chromosome numbers (2n) of different fruit plants“, we will know about the chromosome numbers or 2n numbers of some important fruit plants of India.
Chromosome
Chromosome is a threaded (thread like) structure. These are present inside the nucleus of plant cells.
Chromosome Number
Chromosome number of a plant species is the number of chromosomes assigned to that particular species of plant. Haploid is x and diploid is 2x.
Also read: List of major and minor fruit-crops of India
(A). Different fruit-plants and their chromosome numbers: Table 01
S.N. | Name of Fruit Plants | Scientific Name | Family | 2n | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | Apple | Malus domestica Borkh | Rosaceae | X = 17, 2n = 34 | Himachal Pradesh is known as the Apple Bowl of India. |
2. | Almond | Prunus amygdalus | Rosaceae | 16 | It is native to Iran. |
3. | Apricot | Prunus armeniaca | Rosaceae | 16 | Prunus armeniaca is common apricot. |
4. | Avocado | Persea americana | Lauraceae | 24 | The berry contains a single seed. |
5. | Banana | Musa spp. | Musaceae | Emusa: X = 11, 2n = 22. Rhodochlamys: X = 11, 2n. Callimusa: X = 10, 2n = 20. Australimusa: X = 10, 2n = 20. Incertae sedis: X = 7, 2n = 14. | Banana fruit is a berry. |
(B). Table 02
S.N. | Name of Fruit Plants | Scientific Name | Family | 2n | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | Ber | Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk. | Rhamnaceae | 1. 2n = 48 (tetraploid) 2. 2n = 24 | 1. Indian junube 2. Chinese jujube |
2. | Cashewnut | Anacardium occidentale Linn | Anacardiaceae | 24, 30, 40 | Anacardium excelsum is the wild cashew nut. |
3. | Custard Apples | Annona spp. | Annonaceae | 14 | |
4. | Cherry | Prunus avium L. (Sweet cherry) Prunus cerasus L. (Sour cherry) | Rosaceae | 2n = 16 | Ramphal, Sitaphal, Hanuman phal are the different species. |
5. | Citrus | Citrus spp. | Rutaceae | 18 | It is a type of shrub. |
(C). Table 03
S.N. | Name of Fruit Plants | Scientific Name | Family | 2n | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | Date-Palm | Phoenix dactlifera L. | Palmae | 36 | Date palm is a drought resistant fruit tree. |
2. | Grapes | Vitis vinifera L. | Vitaceae | 38 | Soil and climate are the two major factors in grape cultivation. |
3. | Guava | Psidium guajava L. | Myrtaceae | 33 | 1. Crop regulation is a very important step. 2. Ambe bahar, Mrig bahar, and Hasth bahar are the three types of bahar seasons in guava. |
4. | Jamun | Syzygium cuminii Skeels | Myrtaceae | 40 | |
5. | Japanese plum | Prunus salicina L. | Rosaceae | 16 |
(D). Table 04
S.N. | Name of Fruit Plants | Scientific Name | Family | 2n | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | Karonda | Carissa carandas | Apocynaceae | 22 | |
2. | Litchi | Litchi chinensis | Sapindaceae | 28, 30, 32 | |
3. | Loquat | Eriobotrya japonica Lindl. | Rosaceae | 34 | |
4. | Mango | Mangifera indica L. | Anacardiaceae | 2n = 40 | |
5. | Papaya | Carica papaya L. | Caricaceae | 2n = 18 |
(E). Table 05
S.N. | Name of Fruit Plants | Scientific Name | Family | 2n | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | Peach | Prunus persica Batsch | Rosaceae | 16 | |
2. | Pear | Pyrus spp. | Rosaceae | 34 | |
3. | Phalsa | Grewia asiatica | Malvaceae | 36 | |
4. | Pineapple | Ananas comosus L. Merr | Bromliaceae | 2n = 50 | |
5. | Pomegranate | Punica granatum | Punicaceae | 16, 18 | Cultivated spp. |
26. | Sapota | Manilkara achras Mill. | Sopotaceae | 2n = 26 |
Also read: Pomology multiple choice questions
(F). Other fruit-crops
S.N. | Name of Fruit Plants | Scientific Name | Family | 2n | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | Persimmon | Diospyros kaki | Ebenaceae | 90 | 1. It is hexaplpoid. 2.China is the major producer. |
2. | Coconut | Cocos nucifera L. | Aracaceae | 32 | All parts are useful. |
3. | Jackfruit | Artocarpus heterophyllus | Moraceae | 56 | It is tetraploid. |
4. | Fig | Ficus carica | Moraceae | 26 | It is a multiple fruit. |
5. | Kiwifruit | Actinidia deliciosa | Actinidiaceae | 58 | It is native to China. |
Last updated: 20/12/2021