Main post: GM Crop Varieties With Examples. These are the genetically modified varieties of field, horticultural and other plant species. The technology behind this is genetic engineering.
| Contents |
|---|
| (1). GM Potato |
| (2). GM Rice |
| (3). Transgenic Cotton |
| (4). Transgenic maize |
| (5). Transgenic tomato |
(1). GM Potato
Also read: GM Potato Varieties (Cultivars)
1.1: Innate
Belongs to: Ranger Russet, Russet Burbank, and Atlantic potatoes.
Aproval: United States Department of Agriculture and Food and Drug Administration.
Year:
Approval by United States Department of Agriculture in 2014.
Approval by Food and Drug Administration 2015.
Scientist: J. R. Simplot Company
Developed against: Blackspot bruising and browning.
Objective: Lessening the amount of amino acid.
1.2: Previous varieties
1.2.1: New leaf
Development: By Mosanto in 1995.
Against: Colorado potato beetle.
Contains: Bt toxin.
Discontinued in: 2001.
1.2.2: Amflora
Development: BASF Plant Science.
Objective: Production of waxy starch production.
Discontinued: 2012.
1.3: Off market varieties
Desiree potato
Also read: Chromosome (2n) number of different vegetable crops
(2). GM Rice
Objectives
- Increase in vitamin ‘A’ content.
- To increase photosynthesis
- Tolerant or resistant to herbicides.
- Resistant against insect-pests.
- Increase nutrients.
- To increase protien.
In 2000, the first two GM rice varieties both with herbicide-resistance, called
2.1: LLRice60
- Country: United States of America
- Type: GM crop
- Year of release: 2000
- Particular: One of the first GM rice.
2.2: LLRice62
- Country: United States of America
- Type: GM crop
- Year of release: 2000
- Particular: One of the first GM rice.
2.3: Golden rice
Contains: Beta-carotene.
Objective: Production of vitamin ‘A’ rich grains.
Research research: 1982.
First scientific publication: 2000.
First field trial: By Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, United States of America, in 2004.
(3). Transgenic Cotton
3.1: Bt cotton
Against: Cotton bollworms, moths, butterflies, beetles.
First pproval: United States of America in 1993.
Introduction in India: In 2002, by Monsanto and Mahyco.
First commerical use: United States of America in 1995.
Objective: To produce pest resistant plants
Effective against: American, spotted, and pink bollworms.
Contains: Bacillus thuringiensis
(4). Transgenic maize
First crop: In 1996.
4.1: Starlink
It got approval for animal feed.
4.2: Attribute
Insect-pests resistant sweet corn.
4.3: DroughtGard
A drought resistant variety by Monsanto.
Objectives
- Insect-pests resistant.
- Herbicides resistant.
(5). Transgenic tomato
5.1: Flavr savr
First time release: 1994 (commercial release for consumption).
Characteristic
- Longer shelf life.
- Late ripening.
- Environmental stress tolerance.
- Insect-pests resistant.
- Increase in nutritional values.
Also read: Cause of Whiptail in Cauliflower