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Important Points Soils of India


Soils of India

Important points: Soils of India

The major soil deposits of India

There are total six major soil deposits in India.

  1. Alluvial Soil.
  2. Black Soil.
  3. Red Soil.
  4. Laterite Soil.
  5. Desert Soil.
  6. Forest Soil.

Also read: Soil Science MCQ: Multiple Choice Questions

Alluvial Soil

  • It is dominated in northern plains of India.
  • They have been deposited by major rivers such as Indus, Ganges and Bramh putra.
  • These are very fertile.
  • Rich in K and P elements. 5. It is ideal for sugarcane and cereal crops.

Black Soil

  • Black soils are dominant in Deccan region.
  • It is made up of lava flows.
  • The soil is also known as regur soil.
  • It is poor in P contents but rich in Ca and K contents.
  • Black soil is also known as black cotton soil.

Red Soil

  • The parent material is igneous rock.
  • Red colour of the soil is due to diffusion of iron in crystalline.
  • It also appears in yellow colour depending on the physical condition.

Laterite Soil

  • It is dominant in TN and Karnataka.
  • Humus content of the soil is low.
  • Develops in high rainfall areas with high temperature.
  • It is ideal for crop like tea, coffee and cashew nut.

Desert soil

  • They are dominant in Indian state of Rajasthan.
  • The texture of the soil is sandy.
  • Low in fertile soil.
  • It is rich in salinity.
  • The soil also lacks humus contents.
  • Water holding capacity of the soil is very low.
  • It is ideal for local crop species.

Forest Soil

  • These type of soils are found in mountain and hilly areas.
  • In Himalayas, the upper region soils are less fertile while the soil near northern plains are fertile.
  • These soils are acidic but lacks in humus contents.

Other soil deposit of India

  • It is marine deposit.
  • These are dominant in coasts of India particularly south-west coast.
  • The soils are rich in organic matter.

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Last updated: 03-01-2022


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