Soils of India
Important points: Soils of India
The major soil deposits of India
There are total six major soil deposits in India.
- Alluvial Soil.
- Black Soil.
- Red Soil.
- Laterite Soil.
- Desert Soil.
- Forest Soil.
Also read: Soil Science MCQ: Multiple Choice Questions
Alluvial Soil
- It is dominated in northern plains of India.
- They have been deposited by major rivers such as Indus, Ganges and Bramh putra.
- These are very fertile.
- Rich in K and P elements. 5. It is ideal for sugarcane and cereal crops.
Black Soil
- Black soils are dominant in Deccan region.
- It is made up of lava flows.
- The soil is also known as regur soil.
- It is poor in P contents but rich in Ca and K contents.
- Black soil is also known as black cotton soil.
Red Soil
- The parent material is igneous rock.
- Red colour of the soil is due to diffusion of iron in crystalline.
- It also appears in yellow colour depending on the physical condition.
Laterite Soil
- It is dominant in TN and Karnataka.
- Humus content of the soil is low.
- Develops in high rainfall areas with high temperature.
- It is ideal for crop like tea, coffee and cashew nut.
Desert soil
- They are dominant in Indian state of Rajasthan.
- The texture of the soil is sandy.
- Low in fertile soil.
- It is rich in salinity.
- The soil also lacks humus contents.
- Water holding capacity of the soil is very low.
- It is ideal for local crop species.
Forest Soil
- These type of soils are found in mountain and hilly areas.
- In Himalayas, the upper region soils are less fertile while the soil near northern plains are fertile.
- These soils are acidic but lacks in humus contents.
Other soil deposit of India
- It is marine deposit.
- These are dominant in coasts of India particularly south-west coast.
- The soils are rich in organic matter.
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Last updated: 03-01-2022