Oyster mushroom cultivation: Method and Procedure
What is oyster mushroom?
Oyster mushroom is a species of edible mushroom. The edible form of this species of mushroom is fresh cap and mushroom stem, dry cap and mushroom cap, and mushroom powder. It is a fungus, just like the other species of mushroom such as paddy straw mushroom, and button mushroom. This post describes about the Oyster Mushroom Cultivation Method and Procedure.
| Contents |
|---|
| (1). General Information: Oyster Mushroom |
| (2). Materials and methods of the cultivation of oyster mushroom |
| (3). Procedure of cultivation of paddy straw mushroom |
| (4). Diseases of mushroom |
Also read: Oyster Mushroom Cultivation Online Training
(1). General Information: Oyster Mushroom (Cultivation Method and Procedure)
Common name: Oyster mushroom
Scientific name: Pleurotus ostreatus
Family: Pleurotaceae
1.1: Characteristics
Appearance: The shape of the mushroom cap is similar to an oyster’s shell. Th mushroom cap is offset.
Stipe: There is no prominent mushroom stem or stipe.
Colour of spore: Spore print is white.
1.2: Importance
- It is very easy to grow.
- Per unit product is higher than the other species of the cultivated mushroom.
- It has high nutritional values.
Also read: Oyster Mushroom Marketing Strategy
(2). Materials and methods of the cultivation of oyster mushroom
2.1: Materials
Mushroom spawn: It is the most important thing in mushroom cultivation. The mushroom spawn is a type of virtual seed. It has combination of the following thing:
Wheat seed or sorghum seed.
Fungal organ of oyster mushroom.
Paddy straw or wheat straw
Straw is also an integral part of mushroom production. The dry paddy straw or wheat straw is used for mushroom production.
Mushroom growing structure or mushroom house
- Use white or green Shadent.
- Make shade’s frame using wooden poles.
Some chemicals
- Bavistin.
- Formalin.
Water holding tanks
A water holding tank may be..:
- Cement tank.
- Plastic tank.
Othet materials
- Polythene bag.
- Nylon threads.
- Chaff cutter machine.
Also read: Paddy Straw Mushroom Cultivation, Method and Procedure
(3). Procedure of cultivation of paddy straw mushroom
Step 01: Purchase mushroom spawn
Purchase mushroom spawn from a reliable source. Don’t purchase it from an e-commerce website such as Amazon. Spawn will not give desired result due to many reasons. Always purchase it from a government mushroom spawn production unit.
Step 02: Buy paddy straw
Buy paddy straw and store it to a safe place. Try to take rice or wheat crop in your own field. Buy it from nearby farmers.
Step 03: Cut the straw
- Cut the paddy straw in small pieces.
- Use chaff cutter machine to reduce the length of paddy straw.
Step 04: Filling tank
- Fill the water tank with neutral water.
- Properly mix 2% bavistin or formalin in water.
Step 05. Water soaking
- Soak the cut straw in water in water tank.
- Soak it for 12 hours.
- Perform it during evening.
Step 06: Shade drying
- Wait for the morning.
- Take out the saturated straw from the water tank.
- Drain the excess amount of water from the paddy straw.
- Dry it in shade.
Step 07: Determination of the moisture level
- Moisture level should be 70%.
- Touch the straw, it should feel sticky.
Step 08: Spawning
- Use 250g of mushroom span for 10kg of straw.
- Mix the spawn tho thoroughly with paddy straw.
Also read: Paddy Straw Mushroom Marketing
Step 09: Filling polythene bags
- Fill the bags with the treated straw.
- Press it properly to make it compact.
Step 10: Hanging the bags
- Use nylon threads to hang the polythene bag.
- See image for better understanding (wait for update).
Step 11: Inspections
- Mycelium will grow and properly the straw mass up to 7 days.
- Make 2 – 3 longitudinal cut on bags.
- Pin heads will appear within 3 – 4 days.
- All pin heads will develop within 3 – 4 days.
Step 12: Mushroom harvesting
- Harvest fully developed mushroom cap.
- Don’t damage the growing surface by any means.
Also read: Paddy Straw Mushroom Online Training
(4). Diseases of mushroom
4.1: Pin head drying
Cause: Direct sunlight
Symptom: Pin heads start to dry.
It causes significant loss.
Management
- Prevent direct sunlight to avoid dry pin heads.
- Keep standard moisture level inside the mushroom house, which is 65 – 70%.
4.2: Dry bubbles
Cause: Diehliomyces microsporus
Symptom: Presence of cottony weft of mycelium on bed surface.
Management
- Destroy infected mushroom.
- Adopt proper sanitation methods.
4.3: Mummyfied mushroom
Cause: Pseudomonas sp.
Symptom: Dry and brown mushroom
Management: Good sanitation practices.
For: Oyster mushroom cultivation, Method and Procedure
External link
………………..