Pasteurization method of Compost making for button mushroom
What’s about this method?
Post: Button mushroom compost making. This method is modern method of compost making. It has two stages, first is preparation of compost, and second is pasteurization.
| S.N. | Heading | Subheadings |
|---|---|---|
| 01. | Procedure of preparation of compost | (A): Required materials. (B): Short or pasteurization method of compost making for button mushroom |
| 02. | Why is composting necessary? | …. |
| 03. | What are the necessary qualities of a compost? | …. |
Also read: Long method of compost making for button mushroom
(1). Procedure of preparation of compost
Materials and method
(A): Required materials (same as in long method)
Combination 01:
- Small pieces of wheat straw: Its maximum length should be 10-15 cm. Quantity is 250 kg.
- Or, small pieces of paddy straw Its maximum length should be same as in wheat straw. Quantity is also same.
- 20-25 kg husk of wheat or paddy.
- 4 kg of ammonium sulphate or calcium ammonium nitrate.
- 3 kg of urea.
- 4 kg of MOP or muriate of potash.
- 20 kg of gypsum.
- 40 kg of melatonin.
Combination 02:
- 250 kg of wheat straw.
- Or, 400 kg of wheat straw.
- 9 kg of ammonium sulphate or calcium ammonium nitrate.
- 4 kg of urea.
- 9 kg of super phosphate.
- 30 kg of wheat husk.
- 12 kg of gypsum.
- 10 kg of calcium carbonate.
*Note: Apply 6 kg of cotton seeds, if you are using paddy straw.
Also read: Paddy straw mushroom cultivation, method and procedure
Combination 03:
- 300 kg of wheat straw.
- 25 kg of wheat husk.
- 9 kg of ammonium sulphate or calcium ammonium nitrate.
- 3 kg of super phosphate.
- 4 kg of urea.
- 3 kg of muriate of potash or sulphate of potash.
- 5 kg of molasses.
- 30 kg of gypsum.
- 50 ml of melatonin.
- 25-30 ml of nemagon.
(B): Short or pasteurization method of compost making for button mushroom
(B01). Stage one
Step 01:
- We use a cement floor.
Step 02:
- Make a layer of 30 to 40 cm using paddy straw.
Step 03:
- Spary water on it.
Step 04:
- Turn is upside down for up to 3 to 4 days, and keep spraying water.
Step 05:
- Mix urea, wheat husk, calcium ammonium nitrate and other materials except gypsum on day 4.
Step 06:
- Turn the heap of straw after each 48 hours.
Step 07:
- Mix gypsum after the third turning.
Step 08:
- Fill the compost in tray on day 7, and take it to pasteurization chamber.
Turning the heap for long method
- First turning of the straw heap: On 6th day.
- Second turning of the straw heap: On 10th day.
- Third turning of the straw heap: On 13th day.
- Fourth turning of the straw heap: On 16th day.
- Fifth turning of the straw heap: On 19th day.
- Sixth turning of the straw heap: On 22th day.
- Seventh turning of the straw heap: On 25th day.
Also read: Oyster mushroom cultivation, method and procedure
(B02). Stage two
Step 01:
- Bring the compost in pasteurization chamber.
Step 02:
- Increase the temperature of chamber to 45°C.
Step 03:
- Close the chamber to make it a heat barrier.
Step 04:
- Raise the temperature up to 50 to 52°C, and off the supply of warm vapor.
Step 05:
- Main this temperature (50 to 52°C) for 2 to 3 days.
Step 06:
- Again, maintain the temperature up to 58 to 60°C for 2 to 3 hours.
Step 07:
- Open any window of the chamber to subside temperature.
Step 08:
- In the next 12-14 hours, temperature will be 40 to 45°C.
Step 09:
- Close the window for 2 to 3 days to maintain this temperature (40 to 45°C).
It is the temperature stabilizing phase. Now, thermophilic bacteria will convert ammonia to organic matter. It will increase the percentage of ammonia up to 2.2 to 2.3%, which help the growth of bacteria.
(2). Why is composting necessary?
- Straw become soft.
- Proper aeration.
- Availability of organic nutrients.
- Proper development of mushroom body.
- Increase water holding capacity of growing media.
- Conversion of toxic ammonia into carbonic matter.
(3). What are the necessary qualities of a compost?
- It should be free from ammonia toxicity.
- pH should be 7 to 7.5, it shouldn’t more than 8.
- Optimum moisture content for the proper growth and development of mushroom is 68, so the required moisture content is 67-70%.
- Nitrogen content should be 2.2 to 2.5%.