What is Pat region?
‘Pat or ‘पाट’ in Hindi’ is as higher region. It is the top or the highest point. Pat is the characteristic feature of the Western extension of the ‘Chhota Nagpur ka Pathar’, or the Northernmost hilly areas of the Indian state of Chhattisgarh.
| Contents |
|---|
| (1). Importance |
| (2). Characteristics |
| (3). Climate |
| (4). Rainfall |
| (5). Soils |
| (6). Agriculture |
| (7). Forest and biodiversity |
| (8). Minerals |
Also read: Rice Bowl of India Chhattisgarh
(1). Importance
- Rich in flora and fauna.
- It is a place of ecotourism.
(2). Characteristics
- High elevation.
- Flat top region.
2.1: High elevation
It is the highest point of the nearby regions.
2.2: Flat region
The most characteristic symptom is its flatness. This flat region is the higher part of this geography.
Also read: Saur (sour) Sujala Scheme for Farmers (Chhattisgarh, India)
(3). Climate
Climate of the Pat region is very identical. It is cooler during the summer season than the other parts of the state. Frost is a common appearance during the winter season. Due to the very low temperature during the winter season, it is known as the Shimla of Chhattisgarh. The annual min. temperature is 26 °C to 27°C.
(4). Rainfall
The average annual rainfall varies from 100 to 200 cm.
Also read: Chhattisgarh (C.G.) State Government Schemes for Farmers
(5). Soils
5.1: Alluvial soil
Distribution: East parts of Ramanujganj district, north parts of Ambikapur district, and Surajpur. These soils are the result of deposition by rihand, kanhar, hasdo river and their tributaries.
5.2: Red and yellow soils
Parent rock is rocks of gondwana and sedimentary rocks.
Distribution: Sitapur, southern part of Ambikapur and central part of Surajpur, and Pratappur blocks.
5.3: Laterite
Distribution: These soils are found on the centre of the pat regions of samri and Sitapur tehsil which includes Shankargargh, Kusmi, Sitapur, Batoli and Mainpat, Jamirapat, Lahsunpat and Jonkpat.
5.4: Black soil
Parent materials are basaltic and trap rocks.
Distribution: Ramunjganj, Central parts of Pratappur and east parts of Kusmi block.
Also read: Department of Agriculture Chhattisgarh Schemes
(6). Agriculture
Field crops:
- Rice.
- Maize.
- Kodo.
- Kutki.
- Ragi.
- Pear millet.
- Urd.
- Gram.
- Wheat.
- Redgram.
- Others.
Horticultural crops:
- Mango.
- Litchi.
- Citrus.
- Peach.
- Tea.
- Cabbage.
- Cauliflower.
- Radish.
- Onion.
- Garlic.
- Ginger.
- Chilli.
- Potato.
- Tomato.
- Pea.
- Yam.
- Others.
Also read: Department of Horticulture Chhattisgarh Schemes
(7). Agriculture, forest, biodiversity, and minerals
7.1: Ambikapur agriculture, forest and biodiversity
Nearly 58% of the district comes under forest areas. The total forest area is occupy 10,849.079 sq kilometres. It is monsoon deciduous forest.
Biodiversity: Elephant, Jackal, rabbit, Deer, Sloth bear, Pahari maina, sparrow, and many more.
90% of the working population is depends on agriculture.
Farming is based on rainfed agriculture.
Sitapur-Samri belt: Rich in bauxite and the significant amount of coal.
Central-North Surguja belt:
- Rich in coal.
- Presence of pyritic minerals, sulpher, mica berylluiim, byrites, Copper, Galena has also been reported.
- Bishrampur, Bhatgaon, Tatapani, Ramkola, Lakhanpur and Basen are coal rich areas.
Flora and fuana
The high lands are covered with rocky wastelands, infertile soil, woods and scrubs, sloppy and forested area.
Also read: Loro Ghati Jashpur (लोरो घाटी जशपुर)
7.2: Jashpur agriculture, forest and biodiversity
The upper region of Jashpur is known as Unch Ghat, and the lower is Nich Ghat. Jashpur pat is one of the biggest of all the pat regions.
Climate
The average annual temperature is lower the Nich Ghat.
Rainfall
The average annual rainfall is high.
Soil
Laterite soil, red and yellow soil, clay soil.
Forest
It is the extension of the ‘Chhota Nagpur Ka Pathar’. The district is rich in forest. Sal is the major tree.
Minerals
This region is rich in bauxite. Natural gold particles are found in local rivers, such as maini and ib river.
Also read: Krishi Vigyan Kendra: KVK Pathalgaon
(8). Major Pats
8.1: Mainpat
See location of Mainpat on Google Earth
District: Ambikapur.
Nearby cities: Ambikapur, 55 km. Raipur, 360 km.
How to reach?
- By train: Ambikapur railway station.
- By bus: Any local or night bus.
- Private vehicles: Car, bike, etc.
What is special?
- Ulta pani (उल्टा पानी).
- It is hill station.
- The hill station is popularly known as the ‘Shimla of Chhattisgarh’.
8.2: Samri Pat
District: Balrampur.
Nearby cities: Ambikapur, Jashpur, Ranchi, Sonbhadra, Mirzapur.
How to reach?
- By train: Ambikapur railway station.
- By bus: Night and local buses.
- By private vehicles.
What is special?
It is the highest pat region.
8.3: Pendra Pat
District: Jashpur.
Nearby cities: Jashpur, Ambikapur, Ranchi.
How to reach?
- By local business.
- By private vehicles.
What is special?
- Rich in biodiversity.
- Rich in forest trees.
- Rich in wildlife.
Jashpur Pat
District: Jashpur.
Nearby cities: Ambikapur, Ranchi.
How to reach?
- By train: Ambikapur railway station.
- By bus: Night and local buses.
- Private vehicles.
What is special?
- Biggest pat region.
- Animal sanctuaries.
- Elephant sanctuary.
8.4: Jarang and Jamir Pat
District: Sarguja
Nearby cities: Jashpur, Ambikapur, Surajpur, Balrampur.
How to reach?
- By train: Ambikapur railway station.
- By bus: Night and local buses.
- Private vehicles.
What is special?
- Rich in bauxite.